Understanding X-10X-10 is not just a name of products we install in our walls and plug into our outlets; it is a name for the signal that controls them. X-10 is a low voltage signal that is passed through the electrical wires of our homes. This signal has no effect on computers, TV's and other electrical devices. This signal is transmitted when the voltage is at 0 volts. This is possible because alternating current (A/C) works is by alternating the phases 60 times per second. This is why we sometimes hear a hum in electrical devices. This hum is a 60 Hz hum caused by the alternating voltage. If we could see this fast and light filaments didn't dim off, we would be able to see the lights flashing 60 times per second. This cycling allows a period of time when X-10 signals can be transmitted. The battery in your car always has a constant voltage and is called Direct current or DC. Most X-10 transmissions are less than 1 volt in strength. Most X-10 receivers need at least 100mv to be able to respond. If there is excess noise in your electrical system, this will cause problems with signal transmissions. Such things as computers, surge suppressors, TV's and many other devices may cause excess noise. If the noise is at a higher level than the X-10 signal, then the signal cannot be seen or responded to. X-10 signals can only be transmitted one at a time. If two signals are transmitted at the same time, they will collide and no action will take place. This is only true if the signal is on a different code. If the signal is on the some code, a feature in the X-10 receiver will ignore the repeated signal. This circuitry is needed in order to allow the amplified couplers/repeaters to function. Below is a more in depth summery of the things listed above.
Methods of Controlling X-10There are several methods used to control X-10. There are devices that can turn IR commands into an X-10 signal. RF remotes that allow remote operation of X-10 for distances of 100's of feet. Desktop controllers are a popular method of controlling. They sit on a tabletop and have simple switches to control the desired module. X-10 makes a clock that can be used for simple timing of lights and more. Some new alarm panels have X-10 capabilities making it possible to perform functions like turning on the lights when you disarm the alarm or flashing the lights if the alarm is sounding. X-10 makes motion sensors that transmit wireless signals to RF receivers that can be used to turn on lights in a bathroom at night or turn on the outside lights when someone approaches the house. Also there is a switch that is made to look like a regular wall switch but will transmit to other X-10 switches. This switch is only ¼” thick and can be mounted anywhere with no wiring. There are really too many transmitting devices to list but searching can reveal most.
Computer InterfacingThere are several computer interfaces that allow you to link your X-10 to a computer to allow automation. Price ranges are from under $10.00 to $1000.00's Listed below are a list of some makers of these computer interfaces. If you are interested in going this route, make sure the device you choose will grow as your needs do.
www.x10.com Many interfaces to choose from
www.smartlinc.com Makers of Touchlinc and Houselinc
http://www.csi3.com/ Makers of Homevision
[Link: jdstechnologies.com] Makers of JDS Stargate and other controllers
www.smarthomeinc.com Sellers of the Adicon 2500
There are many more to choose from, this is just a few!
Click here to continue to Part 2If you post a reply in this thread, please post something in part 2 so they will stay toghther.
