Regarding 2) If you get a JP1.3 cable ($35 shipped) then you can easily see the protocol/device nimbers, and the command numbers for the learned functions. You may be able to guess the discrete commands, or you can just go brute force and try the 256 possible commands. This assumes that the discretes are on the same device as the learned commands.

Or, without a cable, you can try the various codes typically used by Samsung, and punch a lot of buttons looking for any kind of reaction. If get a reaction, and know the setup code, then you can search the 256 possible commands.